• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    OGV wheel comprising rectifying vanes (20) each having a blade root and a blade head, the blade roots being fixed on a hub (10) of the wheel by first connecting means and the heads blades being fixed on an outer shell (18) of the wheel by second connecting means, the first connecting means comprising a bearing plane integral with the hub and a first against-plate intended to be secured to the hub, the blade roots being sandwiched between the support plane and the first counter-plate and the second connecting means comprise a second counter plate intended to be secured to the shell, the blade heads being sandwiched between the ferrule and the second counterplate.
    公开号:FR3056250A1
    申请号:FR1658726
    申请日:2016-09-19
    公开日:2018-03-23
    发明作者:Marc-Antoine Anatole GOT；Cedric ZACCARDI
    申请人:Safran Aircraft Engines SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    © Publication number: 3,056,250 (to be used only for reproduction orders) (© National registration number: 16 58726 ® FRENCH REPUBLIC
    NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
    COURBEVOIE © IntCI 8
    F01 D 9/04 (2017.01), F 01 D 5/30
    A1 PATENT APPLICATION
    ©) Date of filing: 19.09.16. © Applicant (s): SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES (30) Priority: Simplified joint stock company - FR. @ Inventor (s): GOT MARC-ANTOINE ANATOLE and ZACCARDI CEDRIC. (43) Date of public availability of the request: 23.03.18 Bulletin 18/12. (© List of documents cited in the report of preliminary research: Refer to end of present booklet (© References to other national documents @ Holder (s): SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES Company related: by simplified actions. ©) Extension request (s): © Agent (s): CABINET BEAU DE LOMENIE.
    Pty BLADE WHEEL RECTIFIER IN INTERMEDIATE HOUSING.
    FR 3 056 250 - A1 R oue d'OGV comprising straightening vanes (20) each having a blade root and a blade head, the blade legs being fixed on a hub (10) of the wheel by first connection means and the blade heads being fixed on an external ferrule (18) of the wheel by second connection means, the first connection means comprising a support plane integral with the hub and a first counter plate intended to be secured to the hub, the blade roots being sandwiched between the support surface and the first counter plate and the second connecting means comprise a second counter plate intended to be secured to the ferrule, the heads of vanes being sandwiched between the ferrule and the second counterplate.

    Invention background
    The present invention relates to the field of aircraft engines, for example turbojets, and it relates more particularly to the fixing of straightening vanes (or OGV for “outlet guide vane”) between an intermediate casing hub and an outer casing ferrule intermediate of these motors downstream of their fan, the assembly forming what is known as an OGV wheel in an intermediate casing.
    In such motors where weight saving is sought, it is envisaged that the straightening vanes are made of composite material with a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers which would for example be woven in three dimensions (3D woven preform), while the other constituents of the wheel, hub and external ferrule, are generally metallic.
    The OGV wheel in intermediate casing, as shown in FIG. 6, essentially comprises a hub 10 with upstream 12 and downstream 14 flanges connected by longitudinal connecting arms 16 and the outer ferrule 18. The composite straightening vanes 20 which schematically have an I shape could be directly bolted on the one hand to the flanges 12, 14 of the intermediate casing and on the other hand to the outer shell 18 of the intermediate casing. These straightening vanes can be structural in the sense that forces would be transmitted via the vanes between the outer ferrule and the hub. Many disadvantages could arise in such an OGV wheel arrangement:
    First of all, the drilling introduces a rupture of the fibers of the preform resulting in a local weakening. During high stresses, this area is often the source of a crack initiation which often propagates until the part breaks.
    Then, the small contact surface under the washer and the screw head combined with a significant tightening necessary for fixing generates very high knocking pressures. The highly prestressed material is then weakened during the assembly sequence and when the coefficient of friction is no longer sufficient to support the loads, the composite part comes into abutment on the barrel of the screw. It therefore works essentially in shear, a deformation mode that is hardly suited to the composite material.
    The potential damage can also be accentuated by the very small contact surface between the barrel of the screw and the part of the OGV in contact.
    Then again, the shear moduli of a composite material, weak in comparison with a metallic material, do not make it possible to guarantee a sufficient spatial diffusion of the stresses beyond the fixing zones. The distribution of stresses is therefore highly heterogeneous in the room since the forces pass predominantly along very narrow "bands" which connect two fixing points. The stresses are therefore of an excessive level in these "bands" and particularly low outside (very strong stress gradient), which has a direct impact on the mechanical strength of the part (high stress) and its overall stiffness (deformation between the fixings).
    Finally, the rigid installation does not make it possible to differentiate the directions. Indeed, the forces passing through the straightening vanes are generally three-dimensional. However, the traction / compression component (along the dawn axis) is predominant. The mechanical strength characteristics are orthotropic and in the case of a 3D woven preform, its tensile strength can be 5 times higher than in compression. However, the conventional embedding by bolting does not take this characteristic into account since it does not allow the straightening vanes to be loaded in a differentiated manner between traction and compression.
    There is therefore a need for a different method of fixing these straightening vanes to the hub and the outer casing of the intermediate casing which makes it possible both to maintain the integrity of the composite part and to optimize the transition of the forces by taking takes into account the orthotropic characteristics of the composite material by providing it with stress that conforms to its preferred direction.
    Subject and summary of the invention
    The main object of the present invention therefore is to overcome such drawbacks by proposing an OGV wheel comprising straightening vanes each having a blade, a blade root and a blade head, said blade legs being fixed on a hub of said wheel by first connecting means and said blade heads being fixed to an outer ring of said wheel by second connecting means. Said first connecting means comprise a support plane secured to said hub and a first counter plate intended to be secured to said hub, said blade feet being sandwiched between said support plane and said first counter plate. Said second connecting means comprise a second counter plate intended to be secured to said ferrule, said blade heads being sandwiched between said ferrule and said second counter plate.
    Thus, by replacing the traditional bolted structure with a sandwich structure, a connecting structure is obtained whose mass is reduced compared to a metallic OGV wheel, while allowing a better distribution of the loads and preserving the integrity of dawn (no drilling).
    Advantageously, each of said blade roots and of said blade heads are formed by two half-platforms defining, over the entire width of said blade, connecting leaves connecting said blade and said half-platforms.
    Preferably, said first and second counter-plates have curved lateral edges intended to match said connection leave.
    Advantageously, said first and second counter plates are each formed in two independent parts each associated with a half-platform of two adjacent blades of said wheel.
    Preferably, said first and second counter plates are common to two adjacent blades of said wheel.
    Advantageously, said support plane and said ferrule which respectively receive said feet and blade heads are covered with an elastomeric material or with a metal or any other similar material softer than a material forming said counterplate.
    Advantageously, said first and second counter plates are fixed by bolts respectively to said hub and to said ferrule.
    Preferably, said blades are made of composite material with a polymer matrix reinforced by fibers woven in three dimensions. Advantageously, the two half-platforms then come from an unbinding in the weaving of the fibers of said blades so as to define, over the entire width of said blade and on either side of it, connecting leaves connecting said blade and said half-platforms.
    Preferably, said hub is an intermediate casing hub and said ferrule an intermediate casing ferrule (VCI).
    The invention also relates to any aircraft engine comprising an OGV wheel as mentioned above.
    Brief description of the drawings
    Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the description given below, with reference to the appended drawings which illustrate an embodiment thereof devoid of any limiting character. In the figures:
    - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of an OGV wheel according to the invention;
    - Figures 2 and 3 detail the OGV platform;
    - Figure 4 is a view along the plane IV-IV of Figure 1 illustrating in detail the support of the platform of the OGV;
    - Figure 5 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of an OGV wheel according to the invention; and
    - Figure 6 shows a connecting structure of a straightening blade in an OGV wheel according to the prior art.
    Detailed description of an embodiment
    In FIG. 1, there is an OVV wheel sector in an intermediate casing, formed of a hub 10 with its two flanges 12, 14 upstream and downstream, of the external ferrule 18 of intermediate casing (this ferrule can be qualified as " VCI ") and straightening vanes 20 secured to the hub and to said VCI ferrule by a connecting structure according to the invention. Note however that if this figure schematically represents a stator blade downstream of the fan, the invention also finds application to stationary blades for example of a first stage of compressor.
    As shown in the detail in FIGS. 2 and 3, the straightening blade 20 comprises a blade 200 extending radially with respect to the main axis of the turbomachine and two platforms 202, 204 positioned at each radial end of the blade, substantially perpendicular thereto, each forming two half-platforms 202A, 202B; 204A, 204B on either side of the blade 200 (ie four in total, distinguishing the platform at the foot of the blade or lower 202 and the platform at the head of the blade or upper 204) and connected to the latter by a connecting leave 206A, 206B; 208A, 208B. Preferably, these two half-platforms are obtained by unbinding the 3D woven preform.
    According to the invention, at the foot of the blade 20, the fixing in the intermediate casing is carried out by sandwiching each lower half-platform 202A, 202B between a plane support of the hub, for example a longitudinal arm 16 situated between the flanges 12, 14 , and a first counter-plate 22 (illustrated in FIG. 1), ideally metallic. The longitudinal arm 16 serving as reinforcement is for example screwed to the flanges 12,14 (as shown in Figure 4) but in a variant not shown is preferably out of the foundry with said flanges. The counter plate 22 is directly bolted to the flanges 12, 14 of the hub. The fixing of the upper half-platforms 204A, 204B to the intermediate casing shell 18 is similar with a second counterplate also fixed by bolts on this VCI. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, this common plate against two adjacent OGV blades can be replaced by two smaller plates 24A, 24B, each dedicated to a particular half-platform of OGV.
    The counter plates have lateral edges, the curved shape of which is designed so as to conform to the connection leave 206A, 206B; 208A, 208B. This provides a significant improvement in the stiffness and mechanical properties of the OGV. The continuous contact between the two parts all along the blade of the blade allows an optimal distribution of the forces, and therefore to make work the entire section of the OGV.
    As shown in the section of FIG. 4, a layer of an elastomeric material 26 is preferably interposed between the lower platform 202 of the OGV and the plane support 16 of the hub. The half-platforms 202A, 202B are thus sandwiched between the first metal counter-plate of high stiffness fixed by bolts 28 on the flanges upstream and downstream of the hub and a layer of less stiff rubber, preferably bonded to the support. plane, and thus conferring an asymmetry in the behavior of the OGV in tension / compression. Thanks to this mounting configuration, the force is distributed naturally within the OGV wheel primarily towards the straightening vanes stressed in tension (whose blade / counterplate contact is stiff) rather than those stressed in compression (whose the contact with the rubber is softer). The distribution of forces depends directly on the geometrical characteristics (function of the flexibility sought, the desired state of prestressing and the estimated level of wear, etc.) and of the material chosen (stiffness, rate of viscoelasticity, hardness, etc.). .), depending on the mechanical properties of the OGV (mechanical resistance in tension and compression mainly).
    Thus, if it is supposed that the ratio between the threshold of rupture stress in tension (Rmt) and the threshold of stress in rupture in compression (Rmc) is worth R, it is advisable to choose the stiffness of the elastomer so as that the force seen by the OGV requested in compression is at most 1 / R times the effort seen by the OGV requested in traction, which imposes a ratio of R between the stiffness in traction and that in compression of l 'OGV. In compression and in order to respect the principle set out above, the flexibility of the elastomer being added to that of the OGV, the stiffness of the elastomer is then equal to Kt / (R-1) where Kt is the stiffness of the OGV alone in traction.
    Note, however, that the elastomeric material can be replaced by a metal or any other "softer" material than that of the counterplate. Thus, for example, if the counterplate is made of hardened steel, the planar support could be made of ordinary steel. The terminology "softer" means a lower hardness and / or stiffness.
    This type of attachment allows the 3D woven preform to be stressed constantly in the same direction (along the length of the blade). A warp / weft ratio, uniform throughout the preform, is then preferably chosen by favoring the warp direction, thereby simplifying the weaving and shaping steps all the while generating significant savings in manufacturing costs.
    Like the first elastomer material 26 interposed between the lower platforms and the hub, a layer of a second elastomer material 30, which may or may not be identical to the first and whose dimensioning will be carried out as previously, can also be interposed between the upper platform 204 OGV 20 and VCI18 (see figure
    3). Due to the nature of its external wall, it may also be taken into account any resistance of the VCI to chemicals (fuel oil, acid rain, ...).
    Previously, reference has often been made to an OGV blade of the wheel, this blade having a single blade. The number of these blades in said wheel can be more or less large, for example a dozen blades to three dozen blades.
    FIG. 5 illustrates a wheel provided with a doublet of OGVs with a single preform. The composite OGV doublet is in fact composed of a single preform 40 forming an O. The counterplates 42, 44 which are then common to two adjacent blades are placed in the inter OGV zone of the same doublet of blades, allowing to divide by 2 their number, which provides a significant gain in mass. In addition, the continuity of the preform, which then does not have the unbinding necessary for the realization of the half-platforms on either side of the blade (each blade then comprising only one half-platform in the extension of the blade and coming to meet the corresponding half-platform of the adjacent blade), makes it possible to reinforce the mechanical resistance of the OGV.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. OGV wheel comprising straightening blades (20; 40) each having a blade (200), a blade root (202) and a blade head (204), said blade legs being fixed on a hub (10) of said wheel by first connecting means and said blade heads being fixed on an external ferrule (18) of said wheel by second connecting means, characterized in that said first connecting means comprise a plane support (16) integral with said hub and a first counter plate (22; 42) intended to be secured to said hub, said blade feet being sandwiched between said support plane and said first plywood and in that said second connection means comprise a second counter plate (24A, 24B; 44) intended to be secured to said ferrule, said blade heads being sandwiched between said ferrule and said second counter plate.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. OGV wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that each of said blade roots and said blade heads are formed by two half-platforms (202A, 202B; 204A, 204B) defining over the entire width of said blade connecting leaves (206A, 206B; 208A, 208B) connecting said blade and said half-platforms.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. OGV wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that said first and second counterplates have curved lateral edges intended to match said connection leave.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. OGV wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that said first and second counter plates are each formed in two independent parts (24A, 24B) each associated with a half-platform of two adjacent blades of said wheel.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. OGV wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said first and second counter-plates are common to two adjacent blades of said wheel.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. OGV wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said support plane and said ferrule to receive respectively said feet and blade heads are covered with an elastomeric material (26, 30 ).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. OGV wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said support plane and said ferrule having to receive respectively said feet and blade heads are covered with a metal or any other similar material softer than a material forming said counterplate.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. OGV wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said first and second counter-plates are fixed by bolts (28) respectively to said hub and to said ferrule.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. OGV wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said blades are made of composite material with a polymer matrix reinforced by fibers woven in three dimensions.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. OGV wheel according to claim 9 taken in combination with any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the two half-platforms (202A, 202B; 204A, 204B) are derived from an unbinding in the weaving the fibers of said blades so as to define, over the entire width of said blade and on either side thereof, connecting leaves (206A, 206B; 208A, 208B) connecting said blade and said half-platforms.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. OGV wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said hub is an intermediate casing hub (10) and said ferrule an intermediate casing ferrule (VCI18).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Aircraft engine comprising an OGV wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
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    引用文献:
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    US20110229326A1|2010-02-26|2011-09-22|Snecma|Structural and aerodynamic module for a turbomachine casing and casing structure comprising a plurality of such a module|
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    FR3032753A1|2015-02-16|2016-08-19|Snecma|RECTIFIER FOR A TURBOMACHINE|FR3082555A1|2018-06-18|2019-12-20|Safran Aircraft Engines|RECTIFIER BLADE WHEEL OF AN AIRCRAFT ENGINE, SUCH AS A TURBOJET|FR2933130B1|2008-06-25|2012-02-24|Snecma|STRUCTURAL CASING FOR TURBOMACHINE|
    FR2958323B1|2010-03-30|2012-05-04|Snecma|COMPRESSOR RECTIFIER STAGE FOR A TURBOMACHINE.|
    US20130052004A1|2011-08-25|2013-02-28|Nicholas D. Stilin|Structural composite fan exit guide vane for a turbomachine|
    US20130149127A1|2011-12-09|2013-06-13|General Electric Company|Structural Platforms for Fan Double Outlet Guide Vane|US10577939B2|2016-11-01|2020-03-03|Rolls-Royce Corporation|Turbine blade with three-dimensional CMC construction elements|
    US11028709B2|2018-09-18|2021-06-08|General Electric Company|Airfoil shroud assembly using tenon with externally threaded stud and nut|
    法律状态:
    2017-05-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-03-23| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20180323 |
    2018-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-08-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-08-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-08-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
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    FR1658726|2016-09-19|
    FR1658726A|FR3056250B1|2016-09-19|2016-09-19|VANE WHEEL RECTIFIER IN INTERMEDIATE HOUSING|FR1658726A| FR3056250B1|2016-09-19|2016-09-19|VANE WHEEL RECTIFIER IN INTERMEDIATE HOUSING|
    US15/707,428| US10458261B2|2016-09-19|2017-09-18|Intermediate casing guide vane wheel|
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